Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss in Canada, particularly among adults over 55. In fact, nearly 2.5 million Canadians are currently living with some form of AMD, making it a significant public health concern. While it doesn’t lead to complete blindness, AMD can make everyday activities like reading, driving, or recognizing faces increasingly difficult.
Understanding this condition, including its forms and how to manage it, can help you or your loved ones navigate life with AMD more confidently.
What Is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?
AMD is an eye condition that affects the macula, the small, central part of your retina that’s responsible for sharp, detailed vision. Over time, the macula deteriorates, causing central vision loss. Peripheral vision usually remains intact, but the blurring or distortion in your direct line of sight can significantly interfere with daily tasks.
This condition is typically age-related and develops gradually, although some forms progress more quickly. It’s one of the leading causes of vision loss in people over 50, and it becomes more common with age—affecting roughly 1 in 10 adults over 65 and nearly 1 in 3 by the age of 75. While there’s currently no cure, early detection and proper management can help slow progression of AMD and protect a person’s remaining vision.
Types of AMD
There are two main types of age-related macular degeneration:
1. Dry AMD (Atrophic)
Dry AMD is the more common form, making up about 90% of cases. It progresses slowly and occurs when light-sensitive cells in the macula gradually break down. This form often begins with the presence of small yellow deposits called drusen under the retina.
Symptoms may include:
- Gradual blurring of central vision
- Difficulty seeing in low light
- Distorted or faded colours
2. Wet AMD (Neovascular)
Though less common, wet AMD is more serious and causes faster vision loss. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid or blood, damaging the macula.
Symptoms may include:
- Sudden vision distortion
- Rapid central vision loss
- Straight lines appearing wavy
Prompt diagnosis of wet AMD is crucial, as treatment can slow or halt further damage if caught early.
How Do You Cope with Age-Related Macular Degeneration?
Being diagnosed with AMD can feel overwhelming, but you’re not alone—and many tools and treatments exist to help maintain independence and quality of life.
1. Regular Eye Exams & Monitoring
Early detection is key. Routine eye exams can catch AMD in its early stages, even before you notice symptoms. Optometrists may use tools like:
- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Provides detailed 3D images of the retina.
- Fundus Photography: Captures high-resolution images of the back of the eye.
These technologies help monitor changes over time and determine if treatment adjustments are needed.
2. Low Vision Aids
Losing central vision doesn’t mean losing your ability to live independently. There are many helpful tools available for those living with AMD, including:
- Magnifying glasses
- Handheld digital magnifiers
- Large-print books and labels
- Screen readers and voice-activated devices
Dr. Akerman has previously worked as a low vision specialist and can help guide patients to appropriate devices and aids. .
3. Lifestyle Adjustments
You can also slow the progression of AMD with some key lifestyle changes:
- Eat a diet rich in dark leafy greens, bright peppers, omega-3s, and antioxidants (think kale, spinach, salmon, and dark berries).
- Avoid smoking—smoking is one of the strongest modifiable risk factors for AMD.
- Wear sunglasses with 100% UV protection.
- Exercise regularly and manage chronic conditions like high blood pressure and cholesterol.
What Help Is Available for People with Macular Degeneration?
Living with AMD doesn’t mean facing it alone. Across Ontario and Canada, there are supportive organizations and resources dedicated to helping people manage the condition.
Fighting Blindness Canada (FBC)
FBC funds promising AMD research and provides helpful tools like:
- Patient toolkits
- Educational webinars
- Connections to specialists and clinical trials
Their resources are an excellent starting point for understanding the condition and staying informed about treatment advances.
CNIB (Canadian National Institute for the Blind)
CNIB helps people with vision loss live full, independent lives. Their services include:
- Vision rehabilitation
- Career support and training
- Daily living workshops
- Assistive technology through the SmartLife program
They also host peer support groups and community events, so you can connect with others living with AMD.
Roche Canada
Roche is a pharmaceutical company supporting injectable treatments that help manage wet AMD. They collaborate closely with optometrists and ophthalmologists to improve outcomes for patients and increase awareness of early intervention strategies.
Building a Support System
Macular degeneration can change your life, but with the right tools and support system, you can still enjoy a rich, fulfilling future. Many people adapt to AMD by learning new ways to perform everyday tasks and staying engaged with community groups and health professionals.
If you’ve noticed changes in your vision or have risk factors for AMD—such as age, family history, or smoking—it’s a good idea to schedule an eye exam. Monitoring your eye health regularly can help you catch early signs and get ahead of any potential vision loss.
Let’s Take Care of Your Vision
At Milton Vision & Sports Vision Training Centre in Milton, ON, we’re here to help you navigate your eye health with clarity and care. Whether you’re concerned about AMD or just due for a routine check, our experienced team is ready to support you with comprehensive exams, advanced diagnostics, and personalized guidance. Book your appointment today and take the next step toward preserving your vision.
